Mound in Park (ballyboy By.)

On slight ridge in undulating land. Low mound (diam 13m N-S; max. H 1.5m) enclosed by fosse (D 0.3m: Wth 1m) with external bank visible from N through E to S. Field fence intercepts site at NW. Monitoring of topsoil removal was undertaken by Dominic Delany under licence no. 99E0264 before Phase 1 of a proposed residential development from 18 May to 4 June 1999. The site, a green-field area (c. 2 acres) on the east side of the town, is close to a recorded monument. The stratigraphy was relatively uniform across the stripped area. A dark brown, clayey sand topsoil (0.45m deep) overlay a layer of mid-brown, sandy clay (0.2m deep), which contained post-medieval and modern pottery sherds, corroded iron nails, iron slag, coal, red brick, slate and animal bone. This overlay a compact, orange, silty sand subsoil that occurred in patches across the site. It had an average thickness of 0.2m and overlay a compact, light grey, natural boulder clay. A random cluster of eight possible post-holes was exposed adjacent to the north baulk at the north-west end of the access road. One of these features was excavated. It was subcircular in plan (diameter 0.35m) and round-bottomed in profile (0.26m in diameter) and contained two sterile fills. The upper fill comprised a compact, orange, silty sand 0.12m thick, and this overlay a compact, mid-brown, clayey sand 0.14m thick. The excavation was inconclusive, but the features were covered with plastic sheeting and topsoil before the laying of hardcore for the access road. Further investigation will be undertaken should this area be exposed during the proposed second phase of the development. The above description is derived from the published 'Archaeological Inventory of County Offaly' (Dublin: Stationery Office, 1997). In certain instances the entries have been revised and updated in the light of recent research. Date of upload: 23 May 2011

A Neolithic passage tomb, dating to approximately 3500–2500 BCE. Its construction reflects early communal burial practices and ritual significance in the landscape.