House

National Monument No. 404. According to Leask, lands in the area were granted to the de Wogan's in 1317 and an Anglo-Norman masonry castle (KD010-018001-) was probably built shortly afterwards (SMR File). The castle was attacked in 1454, fortified in 1641 (Harbison 1975, 126), and incorporated into a mansion built post-c.1785 (Bence-Jones 1978, 239). Prominently sited on the SE shoulder of a hill in arable land, with a panoramic view from N clockwise to WSW and overlooking an enclosure (KD010-016----) c. 500m to NE. A gatehouse (KD010-018002-) stands slightly upslope to NW and low earthworks (KD010-018003-), visible on an aerial photograph (CUCAP BDU036), to the N and E may mark late-18th/19th century garden features. Sections of the Pale Boundary Ditch survive some two miles away to NNW (KD010-001----) and c. 1300m away to SSW (KD010-021----). The site comprises the poorly preserved remains of a 14th century castle subsequently incorporated (above and to W) into a 17th century fortified house which was in turn incorporated into a late 18th century mansion (KD010-018005-). Render and plaster obscure the detail, especially of the 17th century phase, but the earliest remains, in the NE angle, are of a rectangular structure (int. dims. L 15.5m E-W; Wth 6.18m N-S; wall T 1.9m) built of unbattered rubble masonry with a wicker-centred, barrel-vaulted ceiling (H 3.1m) orientated on an E-W axis over the ground floor. Two loops in the S wall (at E end, and W of centre) are original. Two external doorways, in the N and E walls, are later insertions and the N wall also contains traces of a now blocked-up, earlier doorway (Wth 1.15m), to E of centre, and the sill-stone of a blocked-up window at its E end. The S wall contains three doorways giving internal access to the brick-vaulted ground-floor of the later building phase, the W portion of which is accessed via two doorways in the W wall and to which phase three plain windows in the N wall also belong. Back-to back fireplaces are inserted at ground-floor level just E of centre. First-floor level is inaccessible but was served by two wooden stairs, in the SE corner and at the W end of the later building, from where the castle's first floor was subsequently accessed. At second-floor level traces of a blocked twin-light window are visible in the E wall. The three-storied mansion has a S facing front of three bays recessed between two bay projections, linked at ground-floor level by an arcade. Compiled by: Gearóid Conroy Date of upload: 10 June 2011

The fortified house in Rathcoffey Demesne was likely built by the de Wogan family shortly after they were granted lands in the area in 1317. It is important as a surviving example of Anglo-Norman military architecture in Ireland and reflects early 14th-century colonial settlement patterns.