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Freestanding granite obelisk, 62 metres tall, designed by Sir Robert Smirke as testimonial to Arthur Wellesley, Duke of Wellington. Foundation stone laid 1817, completed June 1861. Tapering, four-sided shaft with pyramidal apex, on three-stepped monumental pedestal. Each face contains bronze plaque cast from cannons captured at Waterloo. Bas-relief to north and west and south, that to north by Thomas Farrell depicts Battle of Waterloo, that to west by John Hogan depicts Civil and Religious Liberty, that to south by Joseph Kirk depicts Indian Wars. To east face inscription in Latin and English: 'Asia and Europe, saved by thee, proclaim / Invincible in war thy deathless name / Now round thy brow the civic oak we twine / That every earthly glory may be thine'. Square-plan stylobate of nine raking steps on raised flat-topped earthen mound, accessed on eastern side by eight granite steps with closed granite strings. North side of mound reduces to ground level at west end. South edge enclosed by boundary fence of Phoenix Park.
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